THE EVOLUTION OF HALLOWEEN by Sheryl Jordan

 

Halloween evolved from ancient Celtic rituals to a modern American tradition. Christianity, European myth, and American consumerism have influenced it. There are several schools of thought about the origin of Halloween. The most common is that Halloween dates back over 2,000 years to the Celtic Festival of Samhain in regions now known as Ireland, the United Kingdom, and northern France, which took place each year on October 31^st. The Celts lit bonfires and wore costumes in the belief that ghosts would be warded off. It was thought to be when dead ancestors of the spiritual world could breach the natural world, so they dressed in animal and monster costumes in hopes that fairies wouldn’t kidnap them. Celts believed ghosts returned to earth to claim revenge for their deaths or to have one last chance to be redeemed. After the harvest, Druid priests lit bonfires and prayed throughout the night, trying to foretell if their communities would survive the winter, which was often cold and dark—a time when many died due to the brutal weather and lack of food that came with it.

Later in the seventh century, the Catholic Church designated November 1 as All Saints Day, also called All Hallows, to honor all saints and martyrs of the church. By the ninth century, Christianity had spread to the Celtic regions, changing Celtic beliefs and rituals. Eventually, All Souls Day was established on November 2 to honor the souls of the recently deceased. Many believe the church was attempting to replace the honoring of the dead with a Christian holiday. Years later, the three holidays became Halloween, celebrated in many countries on October 31.

During past festivities, activities and games were similar to those in today’s celebrations of Halloween: bobbing for apples, making jack-o’-lanterns from pumpkins or turnips, and sharing scary stories, to name a few. Trick-or-treating is believed to have developed from the early Celtic rituals of giving soul cakes and food to people who did not have enough food for the winter. During All Saints Day and All Souls Day celebrations in England and Ireland, poor people visited the homes of wealthier families. They received pastries called soul cakes in exchange for a promise to pray for the souls of the homeowners’ dead relatives. The practice known as "souling” was later taken up by children, who would go from door to door asking for gifts such as food, money, or beverages, an early form of trick-or-treating. 

Today, Halloween is celebrated in many ways. People attend costume parties dressed in scary, cutesy, or anything in between attire.    There are trunk-or-treat events where vehicles are lined up in parade style. The children dressed in costumes move to each vehicle, shouting Trick or Treat to receive a treat from the trunks or back of the vehicles. Some people decorate their cars, dress in costumes, and play Halloween music, making the event more festive. Trunk-or-treat events are held in shopping centers, schools, churches, parks, and communities. 

Fall festivals are also popular, creating a carnival-type atmosphere with various games and food. Haunted House attractions offer experiences of being frightened by mummies, monsters, and ghouls jumping out to give a spooky thrill. There are haunted hayrides near wooded areas and farmlands. Theme parks decorated in creepy Halloween fashion offer double the thrill of fast-moving rides and a good scare. During the season, houses are transformed into Halloween sanctuaries, decorated most imaginatively. I have seen houses where the decorations were so elaborate and precisely placed that it took the owners months to decorate and cost thousands of dollars to create and keep the scenes going during the season. What a treat to go for a drive to see houses decorated with orange, purple, and white flashing lights coordinated with the rhythm of songs such as Thriller, Ghostbusters, Bloody Mary, and Somebody’s Watching Me, to name a few. Interestingly, consumers spent over $12 billion on Halloween costumes, decorations, events, and candy in 2023, which is expected to rise even higher in 2024. Some contributing factors are that Halloween is a pastime many people enjoy, and nowadays, it is celebrated in many ways. We can't forget to include our four-legged friends during the festivities. Pet owners dress their adorable fur babies in the cutest pet costumes and enter them in contests, hoping they will be deemed the best dressed, cutest, or spookiest. 

Another Halloween pastime is watching horror movies and reading classic stories such as Dracula and Frankenstein. Whether you prefer horror or comic and nonviolent Halloween stories, there are many movies and books for everyone to enjoy.

I occasionally enjoy watching a good scary movie or reading Halloween-themed stories during the Halloween season. Do you participate in any Halloween celebrations? What are your favorite ways to celebrate? Do you have any recommendations for Halloween-themed movies or books? 

FRANKENSTEIN CREATED DURING A DARK AND STORMY NIGHT by Teresa Inge

Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley was an English novelist best known for her groundbreaking work, Frankenstein. Born in London on August 30, 1797, Shelley was immersed in the literary world from a young age.

Early Life and Influences

Mary Shelley’s parents were Mary Wollstonecraft, an advocate for women's rights, and her father, William Godwin, a political philosopher. Tragically, Wollstonecraft died shortly after Mary's birth, leaving her to be raised by her father.

As Mary grew, her father's home became a hub for intellectuals. This environment, mixed with a vast array of books, fostered her literary talents, and introduced her to the poet Percy Bysshe Shelley, whom she would later marry.

The Birth of Frankenstein

In 1816, Mary traveled to Lake Geneva in Switzerland to spend the summer with Percy, their infant son, her stepsister, Claire Clairmont, Lord Byron, and Doctor John Polidori. At the time, Claire was pregnant by Lord Byron, the groundbreaking poet whose personal affairs had made him one of England’s most controversial celebrities.

After arriving in Lake Geneva, they found the area covered in fog from the Mount Tambora volcano eruption in Indonesia. The eruption killed 100,000 people. A million others starved while many died from a global cholera pandemic unleashed in the aftermath.

Some of Europe’s greatest artists created their darkest works during these dismal days. Mary Shelley was among them.

Since the weather was cold and stormy, the group stayed inside the Villa Diodati, the stately mansion Bryon had rented. They were left to entertain themselves with ghost stories and horror books. One night, as they sat in candlelit darkness, Lord Byron challenged each person to write a horror story, better than what they had just read.

Polidori accepted Bryon’s challenge and wrote The Vampyre. The short fiction was published in 1819 and is the first to include a blood-sucking hero, possibly modeled on Byron himself.

As the days passed, Mary conceived the idea of Frankenstein. She envisioned a scientist who created life only to be horrified by his creation. This concept was influenced as thunder and lightning echoed outside the villa and conversations turned to whether human corpses could be galvanized or re-animated, after death, a morbid topic of the time.

Legacy and Impact

Shelley began writing Frankenstein at age 18. She included the eerie setting of Villa Diodati and the poet’s conversations. The novel was published anonymously in 1818. It wasn't until the second edition, published in 1821, that her name appeared on the title page.

Throughout her life, Mary continued to write novels and short stories. She passed away on February 1, 1851. Of the group only, Mary and Claire lived past age 50. Polidori committed suicide in 1821. Percy Shelley drowned at age 29 in 1822. Byron took the daughter he had with Claire and sent her to a convent. She died there in 1822 at age 5. Byron died in 1824 after contracting a fever. Mary’s infant son lived to age 70.

But the book inspired by that stormy summer and, its life-after-death stories still live on today. Frankenstein is considered one of the first science fiction novels. Its impact is immense, spawning adaptations in film, theater, and other media.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

TEN PERKS OF BEING A WRITER By: Kimberly Thorn

The Top Ten Perks of Being a Writer 

10. Research means you have a great reason for spending countless hours wandering around on the internet.

9. You can travel to interesting places for research and count it as a business expense.

8. You get to learn some interesting and maybe strange things doing research for a story idea.

7. You get to be every character you write.

6. You know what is going to happen next.

5. Your characters must do what you say, or write.

4. You can make money for doing something you love.

3. You get amazing support from other writers.

2. You can take your frustrations out on real people in your life by killing their characters in your stories.

1. And they will NEVER know!            

YOUR NEW MYSTERY READS FOR FALL! by Yvonne Saxon

What is it about autumn that makes reading a mystery just so . . . perfect? The season of spooky with its earlier twilight and chilly nights begs for curling up with a "whodunnit." Whether you're a fan of hard-boiled detectives or cozy amateur sleuths, there's a recently released mystery for your "to be read" pile. Check the following titles out!

The Antique Hunter's Guide to Murder by C.L. Miller  A former antique hunter investigates a suspicious death at an isolated English manor, embroiling her in the high-stakes world of tracking stolen artifacts.

HOW TO SPEAK TO A GROUP ABOUT YOUR WRITING By Maria Hudgins

 

I'm not really sure why anyone would want to hear me speak about my writing, but people do ask and I am flattered. And frightened. Frightened, because standing up in front of a group of literate people most of whom are probably smarter than I am makes me feel like a third grader reporting on a book he hasn't read. Writing is so much easier than speaking. I can delete and change and try to remember what I meant to say when I started this.

I wonder. What do they want to know about me? About my writing? I'm not a very interesting person but I hope my books are. Why did they ask me? I have heard some intriguing talks by writers like Stephen King, Louise Penny, and Colin Dexter, but their experiences are not mine. I have to come up with my own. 

I have two speaking engagements coming up soon, and I'm searching for ideas. So far, nothing.

What do I want when I hear another writer speak? I want them to tell me what they are thinking about right now. Maybe it will give me an idea.

But then there's the old, "Where do you get your ideas?" Answer: Who knows? Ideas come at you from out of the blue and all at once. The great thing is to keep your mind open for ideas when they do come. Some writers keep a note pad and pencil on their bedside table. Works for some, but not for me. I wake up and read what seemed to me brilliant, earth-shattering, insight at 2 am, but at 8 am, it says (barely legible) something like, "Hoggamus, higgamus, all men are bigamous;  higgamus, hogggamus, women are monogamous."

(I've heard this silliness attributed to several different people, but I don't know who said it first. )

Sometimes people are curious to know how I write. How do I start? On my first book, "Death of an Obnoxious Tourist," I hit upon a good way to put my experience as at science teacher to work. I got a foam-core  three-sided science project board and glued pictures of my characters on one side, pictures of houses, cars, other scenes that looked like the settings in my head on the other, and in the middle, a table showing chapters, major events, etc. It worked well, but I have changed the system little by little until now it's more like a dozen or more pages for character descriptions, major plot points, and background info.

Most people are curious to find out: How did you get published? Do you have an agent and can I have their name? Do you have to pay anyone? I have no answers for any of these. I have only my own experiences and things change constantly in this volatile market. I would encourage anyone determined to get published, to attend conferences and gatherings that concentrate on the genre you love, and make contacts.

The most important thing, I think, is don't be boring. Whether you say anything illuminating or not is less important than making your audience glad they came. 

COZY UP WITH COASTAL CRIMES by Yvonne Saxon

Before you know it, it will be sweater weather here in Southeastern Virginia, and I can’t wait! Turning leaves and frosty days make me want to curl up with a hot cuppa and a good book. Soon, you can get cozy with a cozy mystery!

I’m looking forward to getting my hands on a copy of the soon to be published Coastal Crimes: Death Takes a Vacation, an anthology of fourteen mystery stories which take place at unique but deadly locations in the Coastal Plain of Virginia and North Carolina. The collection includes vacation getaways from the shores of Virginia Beach to the Eastern Shore and the Outer Banks of North Carolina.

Contributing authors are members of Mystery By The Sea, a local Virginia chapter of Sisters in Crime.

Keep your eye on this site for further updates!

WHAT IS GOOD WRITING THESE DAYS? By Penny Hutson

 

Don’t we all know what good writing is? It’s certainly not repeating too many words or using too many of the same words in the same sentence. That’s what I’ve always been taught and taught my students when I was an English teacher, teaching English for many years. Not using incomplete sentences, either. And you should never start a sentence with a coordinating conjunction like “and” or “but” or use a preposition like “with” to end a sentence with.  Anyone annoyed yet?

Okay, maybe that was a bit over the top. However, as a former English teacher trained in avoiding such writing faux pas, I wonder if I notice them more than the average reader. For instance, when I pick up a novel with a ton of repeated words, cliches, or adjectives, I stop reading it and likely refrain from reading other books by the same author. Perhaps that’s unfair, but with so many excellent books and a limited time to read them, I can’t justify spending it on poorly written ones that I truly don’t enjoy. I find myself getting annoyed, often ruminating aloud, “How many times is she going to swallow or bite her tongue? No, his eyes didn’t flash. That’s not even possible!” I believe you get the idea.

Yet, when I look at many of the best sellers and award-winning novels on the market today, I can’t help but notice how often these devices are used. It appears that a vast majority of readers don’t care about such things; and the writers (and publishers) are raking in big bucks to the tune of millions. According to several sources, James Patterson and John Grisham are worth over 800 and 400 million dollars, respectively. They are among the top-selling authors today, but they are certainly not alone. Many others are earning close to or as much and with worse writing, in my opinion.

So, what gives?

Now, I’m not asserting that either Patterson or Grisham are terrible writers whose works don’t deserve to be in print, although I’ll admit I’ve seen many whose publication successes are quite mystifying to me. I have read several books by Patterson and Grisham, including some of their young adult novels, and I enjoyed them. Truth be told, they manage exciting plot lines, interesting stories, and compelling characters even with all the cliches and what I’d call average writing. In fact, it makes me wonder if I’m overly concerned with such things in my own writing, when it appears that most readers in our current society don’t seem to care about or perhaps even prefer such writing.

Of course, I know there’s always been a difference between good literature, like the kind we read in high school and college, and what is often called junk or pulp fiction. You know the kind - those steamy romances, swashbuckling adventure, or detective mysteries essentially telling the same story over and over except with different characters and settings. We know they’re not winning any Pulitzers, but we love reading them anyway. However, there appears to be so much more of the latter being published and purchased today.

So, I’m asking you, as writers, how much do you worry about such things? Do you think readers today care more about the story than the writing itself, perhaps even preferring that style of writing over the more polished, literary kind? Essentially, I’m asking if you think “good writing” has been replaced. What else could explain the enormous profits made by those publishing works without it? I’d love to hear your responses.